Vegetable/fruit juice-based diets have been very popular recently. In summary a 3-day juice-based diet altered the intestinal microbiota associated with weight loss, increase in the vasodilator NO, and decrease in lipid oxidation. General well-being score was increased at the end of the study. On day 4 plasma and urine nitric oxide was increased by 244вЂ‰В±вЂ‰89% and 450вЂ‰В±вЂ‰360%, respectively, and urinary lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde was decreased by 32вЂ‰В±вЂ‰21% compared to baseline. On day 4 the proportion of the phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in stool was significantly decreased and Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria was increased compared to baseline and was partially reversed on day 17. On day 4 we observed a significant decrease in weight and body mass index (pвЂ‰=вЂ‰2.0E в€’05), which was maintained until day 17 (pвЂ‰=вЂ‰3.0E в€’04). Twenty healthy adults consumed only vegetable/fruit juices for 3вЂ‰days followed by 14 days of customary diet. It was our hypothesis that changes in the intestinal microbiota induced by a juice-based diet play an important role in their health benefits. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence of their health benefits. Vegetable/fruit juices provide polyphenols, oligosaccharides, fiber and nitrate (beet juice), which may induce a prebiotic-like effect. The gut microbiota is an important contributor to human health.

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